![]() ![]() And Scherer’s (1997) study in fact found cultural differences in the cognitive appraisals people reported when calling specific emotional experiences. Social constructivist theorists, unlike basic emotions researchers, would claim that people can appraise the same eliciting event in different ways, causing them to experience different emotions. Similar to the autonomic sensitivity hypothesis for arousal, basic emotions theorists are looking for universal cognitive appraisal patterns association with unique emotions. As discussed in Scherer (1997), participants did report the same cognitive appraisals across countries when they recalled a time they felt joy. ![]() This view would suggest that the same emotional experience causes us to experience the same cognitive appraisals. Maybe we determine our friend gossiped about us and make the appraisal of external causation and goal obstruction.Īre appraisals universal or socially constructed?Īs discussed in the past chapter, basic emotions researchers believe cognitive appraisals are universal. Alternatively, we might feel angry and not know why – so we look for a reason. For example, we might hear a gunshot and experience fear, which is then followed by cognitive appraisals of unexpectedness and ability to cope. ![]() And they believed that the physiological responses and the experience of emotion both occurred. From this view, cognitive appraisals occur after the felt emotion (after physiological and behavior changes). And the theory they put forth was the Cannon-Bard theory. The second view is that emotions cause appraisal. If we conclude that someone is blocking out goal, then we would experience anger. The Cannon-Bard theory proposes that your amygdala processes what you see and hear, translating possible danger to the hypothalamus. Prior to the development of Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory, two of the main theories of emotion were the James-Lange theory and the Cannon-Bard theory. For instance, if we interpret an eliciting event as unexpected – then we might experience fear. Thus, different interpretations of the same eliciting event could cause people to experience different emotions. Cannon and a colleague, Philip Bard, proposed an alternative arousal theory, subsequently known as the Cannon-Bard theory. This view suggests that the way we interpret the eliciting event determines our emotions. The first view is that cognitive appraisals cause the emotion. Two Views of Cognitive Appraisal Theory Currently, two views describe the connection between cognitive appraisals and emotions. ![]()
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